Journal: Mayo Clinic Proceedings

Article Title: Mental Stress and Its Effects on Vascular Health

doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.02.004

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of All Published Prospective Cohort Studies Evaluating the Relationship Between Experimentally Induced Mental Stress and Cardiovascular Outcomes, in Addition to Measurements of a Putative Mediating Pathologic Mechanism a

Article Snippet: , 2011 , 25 (6) , Healthy subjects , Three different MS tasks of 6-min duration in random order (number-letter recall challenge of increasing length and complexity; number subtraction; Stroop word-color conflict) , RH-PAT at baseline (baseline PEF) compared with RH-PAT following MS (post-MS PEF) , Arterial blood pressure signal amplitude using cuff attached to a pressure transducer (BIOPAC MP150 systems technology — a standard polygraph device used to detect deception during polygraph examinations in military or law enforcement applications) , No significant difference in RH-PAT and BIOPAC arterial blood pressure signal amplitude at rest or following MS (1.55±0.36 and 1.48±0.19; P =.38 and 1.44±0.29 and 1.47±0.21; P) =.61, respectively) , Lower stress PAT ratio vs BIOPAC stress ratio during each of the 3 MS tasks.

Techniques: Modification, Clinical Proteomics, Imaging, Medications, Functional Assay, Activation Assay

Journal: Mayo Clinic Proceedings

Article Title: Mental Stress and Its Effects on Vascular Health

doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.02.004

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of All Published Cross-Sectional Studies Evaluating the Relationship Between Experimentally Induced Mental Stress and Peripheral Vascular Reactivity a

Article Snippet: , 2011 , 25 (6) , Healthy subjects , Three different MS tasks of 6-min duration in random order (number-letter recall challenge of increasing length and complexity; number subtraction; Stroop word-color conflict) , RH-PAT at baseline (baseline PEF) compared with RH-PAT following MS (post-MS PEF) , Arterial blood pressure signal amplitude using cuff attached to a pressure transducer (BIOPAC MP150 systems technology — a standard polygraph device used to detect deception during polygraph examinations in military or law enforcement applications) , No significant difference in RH-PAT and BIOPAC arterial blood pressure signal amplitude at rest or following MS (1.55±0.36 and 1.48±0.19; P =.38 and 1.44±0.29 and 1.47±0.21; P) =.61, respectively) , Lower stress PAT ratio vs BIOPAC stress ratio during each of the 3 MS tasks.

Techniques: Tandem Mass Spectroscopy, Saline, Clinical Proteomics, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Control, Imaging

Journal: Mayo Clinic Proceedings

Article Title: Mental Stress and Its Effects on Vascular Health

doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.02.004

Figure Lengend Snippet: Outline of the various mechanisms by which stress pathologically affects vascular health (in boxes), and biomarkers available to measure these effects. CBF, coronary blood flow; CRP, C-reactive protein; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FMD, flow-mediated dilatation; H-P-A axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; HR, heart rate; IL, interleukin; LV, left ventricular; MS, mental stress; MSIMI, mental stress induced myocardial ischemia; NF-κβ; nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells; PP, pulse pressure; RH-PAT, reactive hyperemia – peripheral arterial tonometry; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SVR, systemic vascular resistance; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

Article Snippet: , 2011 , 25 (6) , Healthy subjects , Three different MS tasks of 6-min duration in random order (number-letter recall challenge of increasing length and complexity; number subtraction; Stroop word-color conflict) , RH-PAT at baseline (baseline PEF) compared with RH-PAT following MS (post-MS PEF) , Arterial blood pressure signal amplitude using cuff attached to a pressure transducer (BIOPAC MP150 systems technology — a standard polygraph device used to detect deception during polygraph examinations in military or law enforcement applications) , No significant difference in RH-PAT and BIOPAC arterial blood pressure signal amplitude at rest or following MS (1.55±0.36 and 1.48±0.19; P =.38 and 1.44±0.29 and 1.47±0.21; P) =.61, respectively) , Lower stress PAT ratio vs BIOPAC stress ratio during each of the 3 MS tasks.

Techniques:

Journal: Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)

Article Title: Cardiovascular function in the heat-stressed human

doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02119.x

Figure Lengend Snippet: End-tidal carbon dioxide tension and middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCA Vmean) during normothermia, heat stress, and heat stress after end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) concentration was returned to pre-heat stress levels. The reduction in PETCO2 concentration during heat stress was completely abolished by the PETCO2 clamping procedure (panel a). Heat stress reduced MCA Vmean relative to normothermia. Restoration of PETCO2 to the normothermic level while subjects were heat stressed (heat stress + clamp) attenuated the decrease in MCA Vmean relative to control heat stress without the clamp; however MCA Vmean remained reduced when compared with normothermia (panel b). These data indicate that mechanisms other than reduced PETCO2 contribute to the reduced cerebral perfusion that occurs in heat-stressed individuals. *Significantly different relative to normothermia; §significantly different relative to control heat stress. Figure from Brothers et al. (2009b); republished with permission from Wiley-Blackwell.

Article Snippet: Therefore, it is plausible to speculate that heat stress-induced increases in cerebral sympathetic activity may contribute to reductions in cerebral perfusion in the heat-stressed human. fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Figure 5 caption a7 End-tidal carbon dioxide tension and middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCA V mean ) during normothermia, heat stress, and heat stress after end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO 2 ) concentration was returned to pre-heat stress levels.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Control

Journal: Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)

Article Title: Cardiovascular function in the heat-stressed human

doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02119.x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cerebral circulation and oxygenation during maximal whole-body exercise in heat-stressed humans. Left and right middle cerebral artery blood velocity and near-infrared spectroscopy-determined cerebral tissue oxygenation at rest, during submaximal and maximal cycling and during 10 min of recovery in heat stress and control conditions. Note the marked reductions in blood velocity accompanying the declines in tissue oxygenation. *Higher than value at start of exercise, P < 0.05. †Lower than peak value during maximal exercise, P < 0.05. From González-Alonso et al. (2004); republished with permission from Wiley-Blackwell.

Article Snippet: Therefore, it is plausible to speculate that heat stress-induced increases in cerebral sympathetic activity may contribute to reductions in cerebral perfusion in the heat-stressed human. fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Figure 5 caption a7 End-tidal carbon dioxide tension and middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCA V mean ) during normothermia, heat stress, and heat stress after end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO 2 ) concentration was returned to pre-heat stress levels.

Techniques: Spectroscopy, Control

Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology

Article Title: Active and passive heat stress similarly compromise tolerance to a simulated hemorrhagic challenge

doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00199.2014

Figure Lengend Snippet: Core and skin temperatures before and during lower body negative pressure (LBNP) to presyncope in all conditions. Mean skin and core body temperatures increased with all methods of heat stress before LBNP. However, by design, mean skin temperatures were higher after passive heat stress and active 38 (∼38°C, active 38) trials compared with active 36 (36°C, active 36) (both P ≤ 0.05), and remained higher throughout LBNP to presyncope. At presyncope, mean skin temperature was unchanged (P > 0.05), whereas core temperature was slightly elevated in the passive heat stress and active 38 trials. Data are means ± SD at baseline, immediately before LBNP (pre-LBNP), throughout LBNP at 20, 40, 60, and 80% of maximal cumulative stress index (CSI), and at presyncope. *Different from baseline in all trials (P ≤ 0.05). #Different from pre-LBNP in passive heat stress and active 38 trials only (P ≤ 0.05). λDifferent from active 36 (P ≤ 0.05).

Article Snippet: Throughout LBNP, arterial blood pressures were also measured at the brachial artery by auscultation (Tango, Suntech Medical Instruments, Raleigh, NC).

Techniques:

Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology

Article Title: Active and passive heat stress similarly compromise tolerance to a simulated hemorrhagic challenge

doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00199.2014

Figure Lengend Snippet: Heart rate and blood pressure responses before and during LBNP to presyncope in all conditions. When expressed relative to a percentage of maximal CSI, heart rate and mean arterial pressure were not different between trials at any point. In all trials, blood pressure and heart rate decreased at presyncope relative to 80% CSI. Data are means ± SD at baseline, immediately before LBNP (pre-LBNP), throughout LBNP at 20, 40, 60, and 80% of maximal CSI and at presyncope. *Different from baseline in all trials (P ≤ 0.05). §Different from 80% CSI in all trials (P ≤ 0.05).

Article Snippet: Throughout LBNP, arterial blood pressures were also measured at the brachial artery by auscultation (Tango, Suntech Medical Instruments, Raleigh, NC).

Techniques: